Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in Ontario men and women and the second most common cause of cancer deaths. Ontario has some of the highest rates of colorectal cancer in the world. Colorectal cancer risk increases with age, especially after the age of 50. Colorectal cancer generally develops from small growths on the lining of the colon and rectum called polyps. Through colorectal cancer screening, polyps can be found early and removed before they become cancerous. If cancer is already present, but found early, then treatment will be more effective. Screening with a simple at-home test called the Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT), that looks for tiny amounts of blood in the stool, has been shown to reduce deaths from colorectal cancer when positive tests are followed with a colonoscopy. Individuals at increased risk due to a family history of colorectal cancer in a first degree relative (e.g. parent, sibling) require colonoscopy.